Chemistry Final model Test

 nyqjrK m%Yak

1 wka;¾ wKql n, f,i ,kavka n, olakg fkdue;af;a

1. I₂ 2. CCl₄ 3. Ar 4 . MgD₂ 5. CHCl₃

2 wdus,sl;djfhka by< Tlaihsvh jkafka

1. N₂ 2 NO 3. N ₂O₃ 4. NO₂ 5 N₂O ₅

3 N ₂O₅ iEoSug Ndjs;d l< yelafla ljr m%;sls%hdj o@

1 wefudakshus khsfg%sgs r;a lsrSu

2 fi20 oS NO yd NO₂ usY% lsrSu

3 idkao% khsgs%la wus,h iu. fldm¾ m%;sls%hd lsrSu

4 fi 0 we;s khsg%ckavfhdlaihsvs iys; k,hla

5 P₄O₁₀ m%;sls%hdfjka idlao% khsgs%la wus,h iu. ls%hdfjka

4 BaCl₂ iu. idok wjlafIamh khsgs%la wus,fha o%jH lrkafka ljr m%;sls%hlh o@

1. N a₂ SO₃ 2. Na₂ SO₄ 3 Na₂ S 4 Na₂S₂ O₃ 5. Na₂O

5 msIagfhka fmdÕjk ,o lvodis ks,a meye .kafka ljr m%;sls%hl wvx.= k,fha o@

1 KI k,hlg laf,darSka hejSfus oS

2 fldm¾ i,afmags j,g KI tl;= lsrSu

3 fmdgEishus whfvsgs j,g H₂ O₂ fhoSu

4 fmdgEishus whfvsgs j,g H₂ O₂ fhoSu

5 fmdgEishus whfvsgs j,g KI fhoSu

6 i,am¾ TlaislrKh fkdjkafka

1. SO₂ yd PbO₂ w;r m%;sls%hdj

2 Cl₂ yd SO₂ w;r m%;sls%hdj

3 SO₂ yd HI w;r m%;sls%hdj

4 ue.akSishus yd ;kQl i,amshqrsla wus, w;r m%;sls%hdj

5 KIO₃ yd SO₂ w;r m%;sls%hdj

7 H ₂O₂ iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1. KMnO₄           2 KI     3 MnO₂           4   KIO₃     5 Fe⁺² 

8 jdhq ms<sn| wi;H jkafka

1 mrsmQ¾K jdhqjl PV ksh;hls

2 wvq msvkhloS jdhqfjs CO₂ j, Z w.h 1 g jvd wvq fjhs

3 mrsmQ¾K jdhqjlg jvd iusmSvk yelshdjla CO₂ j,g we;

4 Z w.h 1 g jvd jevs jkafka wka;¾ wKql wdl¾IK n, fya;=fjks

5 H₂ jdhqfjs iusmSvk yelshdj wvq jkafka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk w.hg jvd mrsudj jevs jk ksidh

9 jdhq ms<sn| pd,l iuSlrKh i|yd wi;H jkafka

1. N f,i mj;skafka jdhq ujq, .Kkhs

2 m hkq jdhqfjs ialkaOhhs

3 m hkq jdhq ujq,hl ialkaOhhs

4 N jdhq wKq .Kkhs

5 ksis ms<s;=rla ke;

10 iusu; WIaK;ajfha oS yd mSvkfha oSkhsg%cka jdhqj ,S 12 2 la yd Tlaiscka jdhqj ,S 6 1 Ndck foll wvx.= fjhs wKq ixLHdj .Kkh lsrsug myiqfjka Ndjs; l< yelafla

1 wej.vsfrda kshuh

2 pd,l iuSlrKh

3 fndhs,a kshuh

4 pd,aia kshuh

5 PV = nRT

11 khsg%cka jdhq .%Eus 10 l ialkaOhl mSvkh fjkia fkdjkafka kus WIaK;ajh jevs l< jsg

1 WIaK;ajhg mrsudj iudkqmd;sl fkdfjs

2 mSvkfha;a mrsudfjs;a .=Ks;h ksh;hls

3 wKq .Kk fjkia fkdfjs

4 mrsudj wvq fjhs

5 wka;¾ wKql n, m%n,;dj jevs fjhs

12 jdhqjla ;=, WIaK;ajh jevs l< jsg jsh fkdyelafla

1 wvq Yla;shl mj;sk wKq .Kk jevs jSu

2 jevs Yla;shlska hq;a wKq .Kk jevs jSu

3 jdhq ujq,hl wvx.= Yla;sh fjkia jsu

4 wKql .egSus ixLHdj jevs jSu 2

5 ;dmh wjfYdaIKh lruska isoqjk m%;sls%hdj fjs.j;a jSu

13 fg*af,daka Ndjs;hg .kafka

1 fros ms<s j,g wjYH fl|s i|yd

2 jsoq,s mrsm: j, iajsps iEoSug

3 fkdwef,l n|qka iEoSug

4 rscsfmdaus iEoSug

5 c, wjfYdaIl kems iEoSug

14 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1 fnrs,shus 2 we,quskshus 3 gska 4 ldnka 5 fmdiamria

15 i,amshqrsla wus,h ld¾uslj ms<sfh, lsrSfusoS isoq fkdjkafka

1 fmfg%da,shus u.ska wjYH i,am¾vfhdlaihsvs ksmojSu

2 NdKav us, wOsl ksid wOsl mSvkhla Ndjs; fkdlsrSu

3 idudkH jdhqf.da, mSvkfha oSW;afm%arl u.ska i,am¾ g%fhdlaihsgs ishhg wkQ myla ,nd .; yelsh

4 oQjs,s wxY= ;snSu .eg¿ we;s fkdlrhs

5 jdhqf.da, 1-3 w;r mSvkhla fhdod .kshs

16 lvodis i|yd jsrxck ldrlhla f,i Ndjs; jkafka

1. N a₂ SO₃ 2. H₂ O₂ 3 Cl₂ 4 NaOCl 5 ish,a,u

17 khsg%cka jdhqj M,hla f,i ,efnkafka

1 CuO iu. NH₃

2 Na iu. NH₃

3 Cl ₂ iu. NH₃

4 (NH₄)₂ Cr₂O₇ r;a lsrSu

5 wefudakshus khsfg%sgs r;a lsrSu

18 wefudakshd Tlaisldrlhla f,i ls%hd fkdlrkafka

1 wefudakshd iu. ,s;shus 2 laf,darSka iu. wefudakshd 3 fidavshus iu. wefudakshd 4 wefudakshd Tlaiscka iu. 5 wefudakshd ue.akSishus iu. 3

19 fkia,¾ m%;sldrlfhka y|qkd .; fkdyels jdhqjla idokafka

1 hqrshd j,g NaOH fhoSu

2 ue.akSishus oyk M,hg c,h fhoSu

3 ue.akSishus khsg%hsc j,g c,h fhoSu

4 lergs 19 r;arka khsgs%la wus,h iu. ls%hd lrjSu

5 wefudakshus ldnfkags r;a lsrSu

20 ,qKq ksIamdokfha oS w;;=re M, f,i fkd,efnkafka

1 le,aishus i,afmags 2 ue.akSishus 3 fn%dauska 4 le,aishus ldnfkags 5 laf,darSka

21 fida,afjs l%ufha oS ls%hd;aul fkdjkafka

1 m%;s m%jdy uQ,O¾uh

2 fi 35 l WIaK;ajhl wg¿j mj;ajd .ekSu

3 nhsldnfkag wjlafIam jsu

4 w¿ yqKq Ndjs;h

5 uqyqoq c,h m<uqj ldnkavfhdlaihsvs j,ska ika;Dma; lsrSu

22 lGsk c,h ms<sn| ksjeros jkafka

1 ;djld,sl lGsk;ajh bj;a l< yelafla r;a lsrSfuka muKs

2 >k isfhd,hsgs u.ska legdhk r|jd .ksuska wekdhk bj;a lrhs

3 osh.eiQ yqKq u.ska ;djld,sl lGsk;ajh bj;a l< fkd yelsh

4 fuu c,h inka wjlafIam lrhs

5 mfika c,h jdIamSlrK jevs jSu fuu ls%hdjg fya;= fkdfjs’

23 ,xldfjs wemghsgs ms<sn| wi;H jkafka

1 ish¿ fNda. j,g fmdfydr f,i fhdod .; yelsh

2 o%djH;dj wvqhs

3. Na ₂ CO₃ yd SiO₂ iu. m%;sls%hdfjka o%djH;dj jevs lrhs

4 i¾mkaghska iu. r;a lsrSfuka o%djH;dj jevs l< yelsh

5 khsg%Sla wus,h u.ska o%djH;dj jevs l< yelsh

24 csmaius ms<sn|j tlÕ jsh yelafla

1 isfuka;s i|yd fhdod .kS

2. Ca SO₄ .2H₂ O wKql iQ;% orhs

3 2 Ca SO₄ .H₂ O wKql iQ;% orhs

4 r;a lsrSfuka mersia nodu idohs

5 la,skalr ijsjSu m%udo lrhs

25 mhsfrlaia jSoqre ksIamdokfha oS Ndjs; fkdjkafka

1. Al₂O₃ 2. Si O₂ 3 B₂O₃ 4 CaO 5 ZnO

26 fnda;,a ksIamdokfha oS fhdod fkd.kafka

1 fidavd jSoqre 2 mhsfrlaia jSoqre 3 mskd jSoqre 4 l%jqka jSoqre 5 wdrlaIl jSoqre

27 ksjeros ksrSlaIKhla jkafka

1. K₂ CrO_{4 (aq)} B - Fe[SCN]⁺²_(aq) C - Ca(OH)_{2 (aq)} D- BiCl_{3 (aq)} E- N₂O_{4 (g)}

by; moaO;s iu;=,s;;djfha we;s nj i,lkak

1 B moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd NaOH Ndjs; l< yelsh

2 C moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd c,h Ndjs; l< yelsh

3 C moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd CO₂ Ndjs; l< yelsh

4 E moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd ;dmh bj;a l< yelsh

5 A moaO;sh ol=Kg yerjSu i|yd wus, Ndjs; l< yelsh

28 >khla iu. iu;=,s;;djfha mej;sh yelafla

1 C , B moaO;sh 2 C muKs 3 C , D moaO;sh 4 B muKs 1 D , B moaO;sh

29 >khla iu. iu;=,s;;djfha mj;sk moaO;shl jsh fkd yelafla

1 ;j oqrg;a >kh oshjSu

2 ;joqrg;a >kh iEoSu

3 ksrka;rfhka whk iEoSu

4 whk idkao%Kj, ujq,sl n,j, .=Ks;h fjkia jSu

5 whk idkao%Kj, .=Ks;h fjkia jSu

30 mSvkh bj;a moaO;sfha wKq .Kk fjkia l< yels moaO;sh jkafka

1 C moaO;sh 2 E muKs 3 C , D moaO;sh 4 B muKs 1 D , B moaO;sh

31 yhsv%cka bf,lafg%davhl TlaislrK m%;sls%hdj isoq fkdjSug kus

1 yhsv%cka jdhqfjs mSvkh jevs l< hq;=h

2 fldm¾ bf,lafg%davhlg iussnkaO l< hq;=h 5

3 iskala bf,lafg%davhlg iusnkaO lsrSu

4 fn%dauSka bf,lafg%davhlg iusnkaO lsrSu

5 fjk;a yhsv%cka bf,lafg%davhlg iusnkaO lsrSu

32 iskala yd fldm¾ bf,lafg%dav Ndjs;fhka idok ,o iusu; fldaIhl jsNjh jevs lsrSug kus

1. iskala whk idkao%Kh jevs l< hq;=hs
2. fldm¾ whk idkao%Kh jevs l< hq;=hs
3. iskala whk idkao%Kh wvq l< hq;=hs
4. WIaK;ajh wvq lsrSu
5. fldm¾ whk idkao%Kh wvqs l< hq;=hs

33 iajdrlaIl ,laIK fmkajkafka lskus o%djKh o@

1 nhsldnfkag 2 weisgsla wus, yd fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsv usY%Khla 3 wefudakshd yd yhsfv%dlaf,darsla usY%Khla 4 wefudakshus weisfgsgs 5 ish,a,u

34 o¾Ylhla mS<sn|j tlÕ fkdjkafka l=ulg o@

1 wdus,sl j¾Kh oelSug ,efnkafka ldnksl whkfha idkao%Kh 10 .=Khlska jevs jQ jsgh

2 wdus,sl j¾Kh oelSug ,efnkafka NIauhla fhosfus oSh

3 fu;s,a Tf¾kaca j, wdus,sl j¾Kh r;= h

4 id¾j;% o¾Ylhl PH mrdi lsysmhla we;

5 iEu o¾Ylhlau oqn, ldnksl wus,hls

35 fu;s,a Tf¾kaca Ndjs;hg .; fkdyels wkqudmkh jkafka

1 fldaiagsla fmdgEIa yd weisgsla wus,

2 wefudakshd o%djKh yd weisgsla wus,

3 fldaiagsla fmdgEIa yd yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,

4 fmdgEishus ldnfkags yd yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,

5 ksis ms<s;=rla ke;

36 fidavshus ldnfkags Ndjs; fkdjkafka

1 fusi ,qKq iEoSug 2 lsjq,a c,fha we;s i,afmag bj;a lsrSug 3 .sks ksjSug 4 fiaoSus l=vq f,i

5 c,h uDoq lsrSug

37 ksjeros m%ldYh jkafka

1 uQ,sl m%;sls%hdjl wKql;djh m%;sls%hd fm<g iukqmd;sl fjhs

2 m%;sls%hdjl fiuska isoqjk mshjr u; iuia: iS.%;dj r|d mj;shs

3 fm< Y+kH m%;sls%hdjl mshjr .Kk folg jvd jevs jsh yelsh

4 fm< Y+kH m%;sls%hdjl wod, m%;sls%hlh fjs.j;a mshjrg iyNd.s fkdjsh yelsh

5 ish,a, ksjerosh 6

38 yhsfv%dldnk

1 ldnksl o%jH ks¾jdhq cSjS ls%hdfjka we;s fjhs

2 jdyk j,ska ksl=;ajk msgdr jdhqfjs we;

3 m%ldY OQusldjg o fya;= fjhs

39 Tsfidaka wKqfjs jskdYhg fya;= jkafka

1 mdr cdusnQ, lsrK 2 H ^. uqla; LKavlh 3 O ^. uqla; LKavlh

4 NO ^. uqla; LKavlh 5 ish,a,u

40 f.dkqfjs f,day u.ska isoqjk W;afm%arKh ie,lSfus os isoq fkdjkafka

1 wOsfYdaIs; mrudKq fyda wKq mDIaGh u; p,kh $ ixl%uKh fkdjSu

2 wOsfYdaIs; mrudKq yd wKq m%;sls%hd jSu

3 iEfok M, W;afm%arlfhka bj;a jSu

4 jdyk msgdr oqfus we;s ldnka fudfkdlaihsvs yd yhsfv%dldnk Tlais lrKh

5 o%j f;,a >k fuso njg yerjSu

41 lef;davSh wdrlaIdjla f,i .; yelafla

1 ils%h f,dayhla iam¾Y lr ;ensu

2 jdfka u; khsgs%la wus, fhoSu

3 ksl,a ma,qfjrhsvs mg, iEoSu

4 Tlaihsv mg, we;slsrSu

5 ish,a,u

42 ldKav fjka lsrSfus oS oqTqre wjlafIamhla ,nd fokafka

1. SnS 2. SnS₂ 3 PbS 4 CuS 5 HgS

43 ksjeros ksrSlaIKhla fkdjkafka ;kQl wus,hla iu.

1 fmdgEishus khsg%hsgs ,nd fok jdhqj oqTqre meyehg yerSu

2 i,amhsghla wj¾K jdhqjla ,nd oSu

3 i,amhsvhla u.ska f,vs weisfgsgs lvodis iqoq meyehg yerjSu

4 wxl 3 ksoyia jk jdhqj wdus,sl vhsfl%dafusgs o%djKhla fld< meyehg yerjSu

5 wxl 2 ksoyia jk jdhqj wdus,sl vhsfl%dafusgs o%djKhla fld< meyehg yerjSu

fnsrshus laf,darhsvs iu. ;kQl HCl j, o%djH iqoq wjlafIam idokafka

1 f,day ldnfkag 3 ;fhdai,afmag 5 ish,a,u

2 f,day i,amhsg 4 i,afmag 7

45 wefudakshus fud,snsfvsg iu. ly wjlafIamhla fokafka

1 i,afmag 2 i,amhsv 3 fmdiafmag 4 khsfg%sg 5 uska tllaj;a fkdfjs

46 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs ksIamdokfha oS isoq fkdjkafka

1 n%hska o%djKfhka i,afmag bj;a lsrSu

2 uqyqoq c,fhka le,aishus whk bj;a lsrSu

3 fldaIfhka bj;,k o%djKh kej; Ndjs; lsrSu

4 uqyqoq c,fhka Mg⁺² bj;a lsrSu

5 ijsjr Ndckhla fhdod .ekSu

47 myiqfjka c,jspsfPokh l< yelafla

1 (CH₃)₂ CHCl 21 (CH₃)₃C Cl 3 CH₃CH ₂Cl 4 CH₃ COCl

5 C₆H₅ Cl

48 fnkaiSka j, wika;Dma;;dj y|qkd .eksu i|yd jvd;a iqoqiq jkafka l=ula o@

1 fn%dauska oshr wj¾K jSu

2 wdus,sl fmdgEishus m¾ueka.fkag j, ous j¾Kh wj¾K jSu

3 laIdrSh fmdgEishus m¾ueka.fkag j, ous jsj¾K jSu

4 laf,darska oshr

5 ksis ms<s;=rla ke;

49 ldfndlais,sla wus, ms<sn| ksjeros jkafka

1 (CH₃)₂ CH COOH j, wdus,sl;dj (CH₃)₃C COOH jvd wvqh

2 CH₃CH ₂COOH r;aalsrSfuka we,aflakhla idod .; yelsh

3 CHCl₂ CH ₂COOH wdus,sl;dj CH₃CH ₂COOH wdus,sl;djg jvd jevSh

4 we,alhs,a ihkhsvs wdus,sl lsrsfuka ksmojsh yelsh

5 C₆H₅ COOH ;kQl wu,hl wo%djH fjhs

50 jvd wdus,sl;djhla fmkakqus lrkafka

1 msfkda, 2 khsfg%d mSfkda, 3 g%hs khsfg%d mSfkda, 
 4  C₆H₅ CH₂OH  5 t;hska 

51 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka 2

1 t;ke,a 2 fu;ke,a 3 tiagr 4 weks,Ska 5 wus, laf,darhsv

52 M,hla f,i iqoq wjlafIamhla fokafka

1 mSfkda,a yd idkao% fn%dauSka oshr

2 weks,Skaa yd idkao% fn%dauSka oshr

3 C₆H₅ COO Na yd idkao% yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,h

4 CH₃ COCl iu. uOHidrSh is,aj¾ khsfg%sgs

5 3 C₆H₅ CH₂ Cl yd idkao% yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,h iu. iskala laf,darhsvs idkao% yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,h

53 weuSk ms<sn| ksjeros jkafka

1 th ;kQl wus,j, wo%djH fjhs

2 khsg%ia wus,hla iu. ldur WIaK;ajfhaoS wia:dhs M,hla fohs

3 th wefudakshd j,g jvd NdIausl ;dfjka wvqh

4 weuhsfkda wus, weusk .=K fkdfmlajhs

5 weuhsfkda wus, iajdr;aIl .=K fmlajhs a

54 TskEu weuSkhlad y|qkd.; yelafla

1 fi 0 oS khsg%ia wus, iu. ls%hdfjka

2 fn%dauSka oshr iu. ls%hdfjka

3 we,alhs,a fya,hsv iu. ls%hdfjka

4 wus,hla fhoSfuka

5 NIauhla fhoSfuka

55 c,h

1 Tlaisldrlhla fjs

2 Tlaisydrlhla fjs

3 f,day iu. lshdlrhs

4 yqud,h iu. ldnka c, jdhqj fohs

5 Niauhla f,i fukau wus,hla f,i fkdyeisfrhs' 9

56 idkao% i,amshqrsla wus,h iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1 H ₂S 2 NaF 3 C 4 P 5 Cu

57 idkao% i,amshqrsla wus,h u.ska jsc,kh lrkafka

1 .a,qfldaia 2 fmdausla wus,h 3 khsgs%la wus,h 4 yhsv%cka i,amhsvs

58 uOHidr we;s jsg fidavshus f,dayh Ndjs;fhka isoq l< fkdyelafla

1 tauhsvhla weuSkhlg yerjSug

2 we,alhs,a khsfgs%ghlskaweuskhla ,nd .ekSug

3 fidavshus weisfgsgs ksmojSug

4 lSfgdakhlska uOHidr ,nd .ekSug

5 fidavshus mSfkags iEoSug

59 sjeros .e,mSu f;darkak

1 bf,lafg%dams,sl wdfoaY m%;sls%hd ----fnkaiska yd laf,darSka w;r

2 bf,lafg%dams,sl wdl,k m%;sls%hd ---- we,alSk yd % vhsfl%dafusgs w;r

3 kshqla,sfhdaams,sl wdfoaY m%;sls%hd ----we,alhs,a fya,hsv yd fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs w;r

4 kshqla,sfhdaams,sl wdl,k m%;sls%hd ----- we,alhs,a ue.aksishus fya,hsv yd we,avsyhsv w;r

5 bj;ajSfus j%;sls%hd ----tiagrSlrKh

60 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsv j, o%djH jkafka

1 tiagr 2 weks,Ska 3 wus, laf,darhsv 4 mSfkda, 5 ish,a,u

10

Polymers

1 iajdNdjsl nyq wjhjsl hkq ljrlao@

2 tys mj;sk .=K fudkjd o@ WodyrK fokak'

3 jsjsO ldrahhka i|yd ma,diagsla f,i y|qkajk lD;su rn¾ Ndjs; fjhs'ljr .=Khka

tysoS m%fhdackhg .kshs o@

 c, gexls

fmd,s;Ska wdjrK $ nE.a

jsoq,s reyeka

,dusmq wdjrK $wlaIs isjsldj$ .=jka hdkd ljq,q

fkdwef,k iq,q msisk n|qka ieliSu

.sks wdrlaIl we|qus $ lmdg $ .Eialgs

 ikSmdrlaIl ;=jd $ kems

4 fujeks NdKav ksmojSfus oS wkq.ukh lrk l%u folls' ta fudkjdo@

w ma,diagsla ;dmh fhdod o%j lr wpspq j,g j;alr >kSNjkh lsrSu tajd kej; kej; o%j lr Ndjs; lsrSu

wd tla jrla muKla ;dmh fhdod wpspq lsrSu

5 ta tla tla wdldr y|qkajk ku l=ulao@

;dm iqjslrah nyq wjhjl -- 

;dm ia:dmk nyq wjhjl -- d

6 wika;Dma; tall wKq nyqwjSlrKh jSfuka idok wKq y|qkajk ku l=ulao@

7 tla tla ;ekqus tallj, nyq wjhjl f;dard ,shkak'

fmd,s;Ska fmd,siaghsrSka fmd,s jhskhs,a laf,darhsvs fmd,s jhskhs,a wels%f,ags

fgmaf,dka

CHCl=CH₂

CH.COOH=CH₂

CHC₆H₅=CH₂

8 mdroDYH >k oevs nyq wjhjhla ,shkak

s

9 c,h Wrd .eksfus .=Kh we;s nyq wjhjhla ,shkak

10 tosfkod cSjs;fhaoS Ndjs;hg .kakd ljr ksIamdok i|yd my; oelafjk .=Kdx. jeo.;a fjhs o@

oevsnj yd Yla;su;a nj -- 

c,hg fyda jd;hg wmdr.uH nj -----

mrsjdrl .=Kh --- jsoq,s reyeka

;dm ia:dhS ieye,a,q mdroDYH .=Kh ---q

c,fhka f;;a fkdjSu ------ 

wOsl WIaK;ajhg Tfrd;a;= oSu s

c,h Wrd .eksu 

11 rscsfmdaus i|yd fhdod .kakd nyq wjhjlh l=ula o@

12 ikakdhl;d .=Kh fmkajk o%jH ;=, mj;sk fmdoq ,laIKh l=ula o@

13ldnka wf,dayhla jk kuq;a jsoHq;h ikakhkh lrk wjia:dfjs ljr uqyquslrK wjia:djl mj;S o@

14 tys jsia:dk.; bf,lafg%dak mj;skafka l=uk ldlaIslfha o@

15 by< ikakdhl;djhla ,nd .ekSu i|yd l< hq;af;a l=ula o@

16 ud;%Kh i|yd fhdod .kakd ixfhda. fudkjd o@

17 ikakdhl .=Kh iys; nyq wjhjl wjYH jkafka ljr wjia:d j,oSo@

18 jsoH;a ls%hdldrs;ajfha .=Kh iys; nyq wjhjl wjYH jkafka ljr wjia:d j,oSo@

19 iajNdjsl f,i fros ksIamdokfha oS fhdod .kakd fl|s fudkjd o@

Ydl fl|s ---

i;ajfl|s --- 

20 fus i|yd oekg Ndjs; jk wdfoaYl ,shkak'

21 tys ;ekqus tall fudkjd o@

22 nyq wjhjfha iq;%h ,shkak

23 fuhg wu;rj tu fl|su.ska ljr ksIamdok isoq lrhs o@

24 f,dau yd fiao fl|s j,g iudk khsf,daka fl|s j, ;ekqus tall fudkjd o@

25 nyq wjhjfha iq;%h ,shkak

-26 th y|qkajk ku ,shkak'

27 tys mj;sk .=K ,shkak'

28 fuu .=K jeo.;ajk ksIamdok ,shkak'

29 khsf,daka nyq wjhjlh iEoSfusoS bj;ajk wKq fudkjdo@

30 ldfndlais,sla wus,h fjkqjg wus, laf,darhsvhla fhoqjfyd;a bj; jk wKqj l=ula o@

31 fujeks ix>Kk nyq wjhjSlrKhl ,laIK fudkjd o@

tlsfklg fjkia j¾.fha wKq w;r nyq wjhjSlrKh isoq jSu'

32 tjeks ;s%udk nyq wjhjlhla kus lrkak'

a

33 ljr ;ekqus tall ta i|yd Ndjs; fjhs o@

d 

Electro Magnetic Waves -2

jsoHq;a pqusnl ;rx.

1 ;rx.hl ixLHd;h v  ;rx. wdhduh    ג kus j jsoHq;a pqusnl ;rx.hl m%fjs.h ,nd .kafka flfia o@

2 ma,dkala ksh;h h okafka kus jsoHq;a pqusnl ;rx.hl Yla;sh E fidhd .; yelsh

    

3 fuu iuslrK j,g wkqj ;rx.hl Yla;sh yd ;rx. wdhduh  w;r iusnkaO;dj l=ula o@

4 ;rx.hl Yla;sh wvqjk jsg tys ;rx. wdhduhg l=ula isoqfjhs o@

5 jsoHq;a pqusnl j¾Kdj,sh ilid we;af;a flfia o@

6 usksia weig y|qkd .; yelafla ljr mrdihg wh;a ;rx. wdhduhka o@

           ous                     360  nm  -    420 nm  

          bkavsf.da               420 nm    -    455  nm

          ks,a                     455  nm –-    470 nm

          fld<                   470 nm  -   550 nm  

          ly                     550 nm  -    580 nm  

          ;eUs,s                  580 nm  -  620 nm  

          r;=                     620 nm  -   700 nm  

    

7 wvq u ;rx. wdhduh $ jevsu ixLHd;h we;af;a ljr  j¾K j,g wh;a jsoHq;a pqusnl ;rx. j,g o@  

        

8  ,s;shus ,jKhla  nkaika   oe,a,g  we,a,Q jsg r;= jraKh ,enqfka wehs@

9 usksidf.a wei ixfjsos jk mrdih l=ula o@

  

10     700 nm  jevs mrdih ljr kulska y|qka jhs o@ thg wh;a Tn okakd fjk;a ;rx.j, kus ,shkak

11      420 nm  wvq mrdih ljr kulska y|qka jhs o@ thg wh;a Tn okakd fjk;a ;rx.j, kus ,shkak

  

12 my; oelafjk ld¾hhka j,oS fhdod .kakd tla tla ;rx. wdldr j, ku ,shkak

wia:s ns|Su y|qkd .ekSug  ---  

ms<sld j,g m%;sldr lsrsu  ---   

nkaOk os. fijsu    --- 

iaMgsl PdhdrEm .eksu  --- 

 uqo,a fkdagsgqj, ryia wxl lshjSu  --- 

fN!; psls;ail m%;sldr i|yd  ---- 

oqria: md,l j,  --- 

 .=jka jsoq,s yd rEm jdyskS ikaksfjs okh  ---- 

Woqkaj, ls%hdldrs;ajh --- 

jsInsc keiSug  ---- 

j¾Kdj,slaI jsYaf,aIKh  ---

j¾Kus;sl jsYaf,aIKh   ---oDYH ;rx.

13 iqoq wdf,dalh jsjsO ;rx. wdhduhkag wkqj fjka lrkafka flfia o@

14 tysoS Ndjs;hg .kafka tu ;rx. j, ljr .=Kdx.h o@

15 j¾Kdj,SlaIhla ;=,ska  iqoq wdf,dalh foi ne,Sfus oS  l=ula ksrSlaIKh l< yels o@

 16  r;= j¾K ;Srejla jYfhka osiajsug fya;=j l=ula o@

17 hus wjia:djloS tla ixLHd;hlg 700 nm  wh;a jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK ksl=;a fjhs kus ljr ksrslaIKhla ,efnkq we;a o@

18 ksYaps; fraLd jla ,efnkafka l=ula ksid o@

19 ljr f,day ,jK nkaika oe,a,g we,a,Q jsg j¾Kdj,SlaIhla ;=,ska  ksrslaiSfus oS fld< j¾Khg wh;a f¾Ldjla ,nd fohs o@

20 yhsv%cka jdhq mrudKq iys; k,hlg jsoHq;a  Yla;sh ,enqKq jsg ksl=;ajk  jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK j, oDYH mrdih y|qkd .;af;a ljq o@

21 tu oDYH j¾Kdj,sh wdY%fhka mrudKqj ms<sn| wkdjels mejiQfha ljq o@

22 Yla;sh ,nd .;ajsg bf,lafg%dak W;af;acs; ;;ajhg m;ajk nj o tjeks bf,lafg%dak by< Yla;s ugsgulg we;=,q jSu isoqjk njo fuysoS fmkajd oS we; jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK ksl=;a jkafka l=uk wjia:d fjsoso

23 oDYH j¾Kdj,sh f¾Ld lShla ,enqfka o@

4

 24 yhsv%cka jdhq mrudKqj, j,g Yla;sh ,enqKq jsg  ksl=;ajk jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK fya;=fjka j¾Kj;a f¾Ld 4la ,efnhs tu j¾K fudkjd o@

25 yhsv%cka jdhq mrudKqj, j,g Yla;sh ,enqKq jsg  ksl W;af;acs; ;;ajhg $ ielUqkq wjia:dj g  m;a fjhs mj;sk ugsgug jvd by< Yla;s ugsgulg .uka l<o tysoS we;sjk wia:dhS Ndjh ksid isoq jkafka l=ula o@

26 iEu jsgu ksYaps; f¾Ld fY%aKshla ,enqfka wehs @

27 r;= j¾Khg fya;=jk  jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK iEoqfka wehs@

28 ous j¾Khg fya;=jk   jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK iEoqfka wehs@

29 my; oelafjk tla tla f¾Ld w;sjSug fya;= fokak

Hα   --- 

Hβ--- 

 30 iuyr  ,jK nkaika oe,a,lg we,a,Q jsg j¾Kj;a fjhs r;= ous ly jeks j¾K we;sjk wjia:d i|yd WodyrK fokak

31 usksia weig y|qkd.; yels j¾K fudkjd  o@

32 iqoq wdf,dalfha  mj;sk fuu j¾K fjkalr yels wjia:d i\yka lrkak

  33 Osjks ;rx.hl ixLHd;h hkq l=ula o@

  34 Osjks ;rx.hl ;rx. wdhduh  hkq l=ula o@

 35 jevs Yla;shla ksoyia jSfusoS ;rx.hl fuu ,laIK flfia fjkia fjhs   o@

36 iQ¾hdf,dalh we;s jkafka l=uk Yla;shla ksid o@

37 fojk Yla;s ugsgfus isg m<uq  Yla;s ugsgug bf,lafg%dak we;=,q jSfusoS ljr mrdifha ;rx. ,efnhs o@

38 tu f¾Ld fidhd .;af;a ljqreka o@

39 by< Yla;s ugsgfus isg f;jk Yla;s m<uq  Yla;s ugsgug bf,lafg%dak we;=,q jSfusoS ljr mrdifha ;rx. ,efnhs o@

40 tu fY%aKsh y|qkajk ku l=ula o@

41 f¾Ld w;r mr;rh l%ufhka wvqjkafka ljr osYdjg o@

42 tysos f¾Ld fjkqjg m<,a ;Sre olakg ,enqfka wehs@

43 tu ksrslaIKh u.ska .; yels ks.ukh l=ula o@

44 iqlaIu l%u u.ska fuu f¾Ldjla mrslaId l< jsg ishqus f¾Ld fY%aKshlska iEoS we;s nj fmfkhs thska ;yjqre jkafka l=ula o@