Phase Equlibrium

Shape of Molecules

Aniline Reaction

Sulphur and Halgen

ye,ck

1 ,d ly meye;s jd hqj   ,d fld< meye;s jd hqj  l¿ meye;s >kh  oUqre meye o%jh fuu .=K

wkqj tajd j¾. lrkak

,d ly meye;s jdhqj           ,d fld< meye;s jdhqj    

 l¿ meye;s >kh              oUqre meye o%jh 

2 r;a l< fldm¾ yd hlv uQ, o%jH iu. laf,darSka m%;sls%hd lrhs    iEfok M, yd tys j¾Kh ,shkak

      

3 Tng >k fidavshus laf,darhsvs Tng fidavshus ma,qfjdrhsvs Tng fidavshus fn%dauhsvs yd Tng fidavshus whvhsvs imhd we;ehs is;kak

 idkao H₂SO₄ iu. r;a l< jsg ous meyd;s jdhqhla ksmojkafka l=ula o@

4  tu jdhqj l=ula o@

   

5 msIaGh y|qkd .ekSu i|yd fuys c,Sh o%djKhla iEosug wjYH kus Tn l=ula l< hq;= o@

6 b;srs ,jK idok M, fudkjd o@ oq¾j, wus,hla f,I yeisfrkafka ljr M,h o@

7 y;ajk ldKavfha jvd wia:dhS yhsv%hsvh ,shkak thg fya;=j l=ula o@

 

8 tu ,jK j,ska ye,ck ,nd .ekSug l=ula l< hq;= o@

9 jsoHd.drfha oS fuu jdhqj reia l< hq;af;a hgsl=re jsia:dmkfhka o@ Wvql=re msia:dmkfhka o@

10 wdf,dalh ke;sjsg c,h jsfhdackh lrkafka lhr jdhqjo@

11 wdf,dalh we;sjsg c,h jsfhdackh lrkafka lhr jdhqjo@

12 iEfok o%djK w;rska  jsrxck yelshdj we;af;a ljr o%djKhg o@ tu yelshdj we;s ixfnda.h ,shkak

13 j¾Kj;a o%jH wj¾K jkafka l=ula ksid o@ tu ls%hdj,sfha ku ,shkak o%djKfha b;srs jkafka l=ula o@

14  NaOCl     NaClO₃ jeks ixfhda. ,nd .ekSu i|yd laf,darska Ndjs; lrhs ta y|yd wjYH ;;aj yd iuSlrK ,shkak

15 Tng fidavshus laf,darhsvs Tng fidavshus ma,qfjdrhsvs Tng fidavshus fn%dauhsvs yd Tng fidavshus whvhsvs imhd we;ehs is;kak

16 ldur WIaK;ajfha oS yhsv%cka iu. m%;sls%hd jk jdhqqjla ,shkak

   

 17 r;a l< jsg muKla m%;sls%hd jk ye,ck jdhq fudkjd o@

18 tu ,laIKh wkqj ye,ck j, ils%h;dj jevsjk ms,sfj,g ilikak    

19 ye,ck Tlaisldrl f,i ls%hd lrhs

j¾K jsm¾hdihla his; tjeks m%;sls%hdjlg WodyrKhla fokak j¾K jsm¾hdih l=ula o@

NaI + Cl₂    --------           NaCl + I₂   

20 fuu o%djKhg  nsxoq lsysmhla tla lr ;oska fi,jQ  jsg l=ula isoq fjhs o@

21 ils%h;dj jevs ye,ckh  u.ska ils%h;dfjka wvq ye,ck whkh jsia:dmkh$TlaislrKh lrhs     m%dfhda.sl f,i jsoHd.drfha oS th Tmamq lrkafka flfia o@

 ye,ck whk iys; o%djK 2la  ,nd .eksu tu o%djK ;=,g CCl₄ nxoq lsysmmla fhoSu o%djKh fldgia follg fnoSu  fidavshus fn%dauhsvs yd Tng fidavshus whvhsvs

tla fldgilg Br₂ jdhqj;a wfkla fldgig Cl₂     jdhqj;a hejSu

k,h m;=f,a ous j¾K iys; ia;rhla ,ensu

k,h m;=f,a ous j¾K iys; ia;rhla ,ensu  k,h m;=f,a oqUqres j¾K iys; ia;rhla ,ensu

22 Tng fidavshus laf,darhsvs Tng fidavshus ma,qfjdrhsvs Tng fidavshus fn%dauhsvs yd Tng fidavshus whvhsvs imhd we;ehs is;kak tajd f,an,a lr fkdue;s kus tys wkkH;dj fidhd .kafka flfia o@

ta i|yd fuysoS ,efnk kstslaIK ,=sikak

A   B   C  D jYfhka f,an,a  lsrsu thska ,nd .kakd wkqrem o%djK j,g is,aj¾ khsfg%sgs nxoqj ne.ska fh oSu

23 k, 3 l wj;afIam iEfohs tu j¾K ,shkak

24 ;kQl wefudakshd o%djKhla thg tl;= l< jsg l=ula isoq fjhs o@

tjeks ;j;a mrslaIK k, lgsg,hlg  f,vs khsgsfg%gs fhoSu

25 ,efnk wjlafIam j, j¾K ,shkak

26 juj ksrSlaIK u.ska myiqfjka fjka lr .; yelafla ljr k,h o@

fyf,ags ^1&  $ fyf,ags ^111&  $ fyf,ags ^V&  $m fyf,ags ^V11& 

27 fuu LKavl ksrEmkh lsrSug iQ;% .,mkak

OCl    / ClO₂ ^–    / ClO₃^-     /   ClO₄^-N2 HCl

28 wefudakshd jdhqj iu. laf,darska isoqlrk m%;sls%hdfjsoS jsoq,s flgsula jeks os,shqula we;sfjhs

thg fya;=j ,shkak iEfok M, fudkjd o@

29 jevsmqr wefudakshd jdhqj iu.  iEfok M, fudkjd o@ iafMdagkhla iu. M, idokafka ljr;a iu.o@

Measure Oxygen

Tlaiscka

1 Tlaiscka j, nyqrEms wdldr ,shkak

2 ks,a meye j¾Khla .kafka l=ula o@

3 o%j Tlaiscka idod.kafka flfia o@

4 tajd l=ula i|yd fhdod .kshs o@

5 o%j jQ jsg ,d ks,a meyehla .kakd by< WIaK;ajfha os iafMdaGkh jk iqoq iamgslh l=ula o@

6 tajd w|qre fnda;,aj, wiqrd ;nkafka wehs@ iuSlrKhla ,shkak tjeks yelshdj we;s fjk;a ixfhda. lsysmhla ,shkak

7 th jsInSc kdYlhla  f,i fhdod .; yelafla ljr .=Khla ksid o@ tjeks fjk;a ixfhda. lsysmhla ,shkak

8 tjeks ixfhda. j,g mj;sk fjk;a yelshdjla ,shkak tjeks yelshdj we;s fjk;a ixfhda. lsysmhla ,shkak

9 tkacsula mq,sÕ+ .ekajsfusoS Tlaiscka ljr M, idohs o@

10 mdrcdusnQ, lsrK we;s jsg iEfok M,hg l=ula isoqfjhs o@    

11 iEfok O₃  j,ska we;sjk fjk;a n,mEula ,shkak

12 ta u.ska we;sjsh yels mdrsirsl .eg¿ fudkjd o@

13 jdhq f.da,fha Tlaiscka m%;sY;h fijsug Ndjs; lrk f,dayhla ,shkak

14 tu f,dayh .egsug i,iajkafka ljr o%djKhla  iu. o@ tys wruqK ,shkak ksrSlaIKh iuslrKh lska fmkajkak

15 k,fha we;s o%j ugsgu by< k.skafka wehs@

16 Tlaiscka jdhqj m%;sls%hd jS wjika jQ jsg Tn y|qkd .kafka  flfia o@

17 thg fya;=j ,shkak

18 TlaislrKh jkafka l=ula o@ m%;sls%hdj ,shkak

19 k,h jsjD; lsrsfusoS wkq.ukh l<hq;=  ls%hd ud¾.h ,shkak  tjsg we;sjk fjkia jsula ,shkak

20 yhsv%cka fmfrdlaihsvs fmdgEishus whvhsvs iu. ;kQl   we;sjsg r;= oqUqre o%djKhla fohs thg wod, iuSlrK ,shkak

oqUqre meyehg fya;=jk ldKavh l=ula o@

21 yhsv%cka fmfrdlaihsvs wdus,sl o%djKhla iu. Ulaiscka ksoyia lrk wjia:djla ,shkak

Nitrogen

khsg%cka

1 mia jk ldKavfha khsg%cka wKqjg jvd fmdiamria wKqj ls%hdldrS fjhs fus i|hd idlaIs ,shkak

2 thg fya;=j ,shkak

3 N₂O₃ yd N₂ O₅  jvd wdus,sl l=ula o@

4 khsg%cka j, WodiSk Tlaihsvj, ku ,shkak

5 tajd ksmojd .; yels l%u ,shkak

6 khsg%cka j, laf,darhsv c,jspsfPokfhka wefudakshd idohs ai |yd m%;sls%hd ,shkak

7 fuu ldKavhg wh;a c,jspsfPokh jk laf,darhsv kus lrkak tai|yd iuSlrK fokak

8 fuu ldKavhg wh;a  w¾O f,i c,jspsfPokh jk laf,darhsv kus lrkak tai|yd iuSlrK fokak

7 khsg%cka wKq  jdhqf.da,fha  O₂ iu. m%;sls%hd jk wjia:djka ,shkak

8 jdhqf.da,fha  khsg%cka f,dayhla  iu. m%;sls%hd jk wjia:djka ,shkak

9 tysoS iEfok M, fudkjd o@

10 c,h iu. jdhqjla fokafka l=ula o@ iqoq wjlafIamhla ,efnkafka wehs@

11 ld¾uslj N₂ Ndjs; jk wjia:djla ,shkak

12 ta i|yd H₂  ,nd .kafka flfia o@

13  wefudakshd ksIamdokfha oS Ndjs; lrk W;afm%arl ,shkak

14 Ndjs; lrk W;afm%arl j¾Ol ,shkak

15 M, m%udKh jevs lr .eksug fhdod .kakd Wml%u fudkjd o@

16 wefudakshd ksIamdokfha oS Ndjs; lrk WIaK;ajh yd mSvkh lSho@

17 fmdfydr f,i .kakd hqrshd yd (NH₄)SO₄ i|yd fuu wefudakshd fhdod .kshs ta i|yd wjYH wuqo%jH ,shkak iuslrK bosrsm;a lrkak

18 wefudakshd j, Tlaisldrl ls%hdj ksrEmkh l< yels m%;sls%hdjka i\|yd WodyrK fokak

19 iEfok M,h jsh<d c,h fhoQjsg msgjk jdhqj l=ula o@ th ;yjqre lrkafka flfia o@

(NH₄)CO₃ , (NH₄)SO_{4 ,} (NH₄)Cr₂ O₇  , NH₄Cl  , NH₄NO₃ , NH₄NO₂ Ndjs;fhka wid we;s m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re  imhkak

20 M,h f,i wefudakshd ,nd fokafka l=ula o@

21 M,h f,i N₂ ,nd fokafka l=ula o@

23 b;srs ixfhda.h ljr M,hla fohs o@

24 wefudakshd o%djKhl oshjk Tlaihsvhla ,shkak  iEfok M,fha iQ;% ,shkak j¾Kj;a ,jKh l=ula o@ 

25 NaOH  o%djKhl oshjk Tlaihsvhla ,shkak  iEfok M,fha iQ;% ,shkak

26 ta w;frka r;a l< jsg j¾Khla fokafka l=ula o@ j¾Kh ,shkak

27  wefudakshd Tlaisydrlhla f,i yeisfrhs tysoS N₂ jdhqj ksmojhs tjeks wjia:d 2la ,shkak

28 khsgS%la wus,h fmdfydr ksIamdokfha oS Ndjs; fjhs th yer fjk;a m%fhdackhla ,shkak

  29   wefudakshd j,  Tlaisydrl .=Kh khsgS%la wus,h iEosfus oS fhdod .kshs tysoS Ndjs;  l< yels W;afm%arlhla ,shkak

30 W;afm%arlhla fkdue;sj fuu m%;sls%hdj isoq l< jsg iEfok M, fudkjd o@

31 fuysos iEfok m<uq M,h ,shkak ljr ;;aj ai |yd  jsoHd.drhloS ljr ;;aj wjYH fjhs o@

32 TlaaislrKh iusmq¾K nj y|qkd.kafka flfia o@

33 ld¾uslj khsgS%la wus,h ksmojk  fuu uQ,O¾uh y|qkajk ku l=ula o@

34 NO₂ iEoSfusoS  ljr wkqmd;hlska jdhq usY%  l< hq;=o@ 

35 iEfok NO₂ j,ska khsgS%la wus,h  ,nd .kafka flfia o@ iuSlrK  ,shkak

Electrolysis

jsoHq;a jspsfPokh

          wdus,sl c,h Ndckhla .kak tys ldnka bf,lafg%dav 2la .s,ajkak  jsh<s fldaIhla f.k

mrsm:h ilia lrkak   fldaIfha iDK w.%hg iusnkaO mDIaGh   A  f,i o Ok w.%hg iusnkaO mDIaGh   B  f,i o i,lkak

1  wdus,sl c,h mj;sk whk fudkjd o@

2 bf,lafg%dak idkao%Kh by< w.hla .kafka l=uk w.%fha o@ ta wehs@

3 tu w.%hg bf,lafg%dk iemfhk ksid

tu w.%h fj;g meusfka hehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka o%djKfha mj;sk ljr whkh o@

4 tys isoqjk m%;sls%hdj i|yd iuslrK ,shkak

5 th iusmfha isoqjsh yelafla TlaislrKh o@ TlaisyrKh o@ tu w.%h wefkdavho@ lef;davh o@

6 iDK w.%h f;dard .kafka flfia o@ th l=ulao@

7 B w.%h  W;aidy .kafka l=ula isoq lsrSug o@

8 tys isoqjk m%;sls%hdj i|yd iuslrK ,shkak

              

9 u w.%h wefkdavho@ lef;davh o@

10 c,Sh fidavshus laf,darhsvs o%djKhl mj;sk whk fudkjd o@

11 by;  oS Ndjs;hg .;a c,h fjkqjg  o%djKh Ndjs;d l<fyd;a 

tu w.%h fj;g meusfka hehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka o%djKfha mj;sk ljr whkh o@