jsoHq;a pqusnl ;rx.
1 ;rx.hl ixLHd;h v
;rx. wdhduh ג kus j jsoHq;a
pqusnl ;rx.hl m%fjs.h ,nd .kafka flfia o@
2 ma,dkala ksh;h h
okafka kus jsoHq;a pqusnl ;rx.hl Yla;sh E fidhd .; yelsh
3 fuu iuslrK j,g wkqj ;rx.hl Yla;sh yd ;rx. wdhduh w;r iusnkaO;dj
l=ula o@
4 ;rx.hl Yla;sh wvqjk jsg tys ;rx. wdhduhg l=ula isoqfjhs o@
5 jsoHq;a pqusnl
j¾Kdj,sh ilid we;af;a flfia o@
6 usksia weig y|qkd .;
yelafla ljr mrdihg wh;a ;rx. wdhduhka o@
ous
360
nm - 420 nm
bkavsf.da 420 nm - 455 nm
ks,a 455 nm
–- 470 nm
fld< 470 nm - 550 nm
ly 550 nm - 580 nm
;eUs,s 580 nm
- 620 nm
r;= 620 nm - 700 nm
7 wvq u ;rx. wdhduh $
jevsu ixLHd;h we;af;a ljr j¾K j,g wh;a jsoHq;a
pqusnl ;rx. j,g o@
8 ,s;shus ,jKhla
nkaika oe,a,g we,a,Q jsg r;= jraKh ,enqfka wehs@
9 usksidf.a wei ixfjsos
jk mrdih l=ula o@
10 700 nm jevs mrdih ljr kulska y|qka
jhs o@ thg wh;a Tn okakd fjk;a ;rx.j, kus ,shkak
11 420 nm
wvq mrdih ljr kulska y|qka jhs o@ thg wh;a Tn
okakd fjk;a ;rx.j, kus ,shkak
12 my; oelafjk ld¾hhka
j,oS fhdod .kakd tla tla ;rx. wdldr j, ku ,shkak
wia:s ns|Su y|qkd .ekSug ---
ms<sld j,g m%;sldr
lsrsu ---
nkaOk os. fijsu ---
iaMgsl PdhdrEm .eksu ---
uqo,a fkdagsgqj, ryia wxl lshjSu ---
fN!; psls;ail m%;sldr
i|yd ----
oqria: md,l j, ---
.=jka jsoq,s yd rEm jdyskS ikaksfjs okh ----
Woqkaj, ls%hdldrs;ajh
---
jsInsc keiSug ----
j¾Kdj,slaI jsYaf,aIKh ---
j¾Kus;sl jsYaf,aIKh ---oDYH ;rx.
13 iqoq wdf,dalh jsjsO
;rx. wdhduhkag wkqj fjka lrkafka flfia o@
14 tysoS Ndjs;hg .kafka
tu ;rx. j, ljr .=Kdx.h o@
15 j¾Kdj,SlaIhla
;=,ska iqoq wdf,dalh foi ne,Sfus oS l=ula ksrSlaIKh l< yels o@
16 r;=
j¾K ;Srejla jYfhka osiajsug fya;=j l=ula o@
17 hus wjia:djloS tla
ixLHd;hlg 700 nm wh;a
jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK ksl=;a fjhs kus ljr ksrslaIKhla ,efnkq we;a o@
18 ksYaps; fraLd jla
,efnkafka l=ula ksid o@
19 ljr f,day ,jK nkaika
oe,a,g we,a,Q jsg j¾Kdj,SlaIhla ;=,ska
ksrslaiSfus oS fld< j¾Khg wh;a f¾Ldjla ,nd fohs o@
20 yhsv%cka jdhq mrudKq
iys; k,hlg jsoHq;a Yla;sh ,enqKq jsg ksl=;ajk
jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK j, oDYH mrdih
y|qkd .;af;a ljq o@
21 tu oDYH j¾Kdj,sh wdY%fhka
mrudKqj ms<sn| wkdjels mejiQfha ljq o@
22 Yla;sh ,nd .;ajsg
bf,lafg%dak W;af;acs; ;;ajhg m;ajk nj o tjeks bf,lafg%dak by< Yla;s ugsgulg
we;=,q jSu isoqjk njo fuysoS fmkajd oS we; jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK ksl=;a jkafka l=uk wjia:d fjsoso
23 oDYH j¾Kdj,sh f¾Ld lShla
,enqfka o@
4
24 yhsv%cka jdhq mrudKqj, j,g Yla;sh ,enqKq
jsg ksl=;ajk jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK
fya;=fjka j¾Kj;a f¾Ld 4la ,efnhs tu j¾K fudkjd o@
25 yhsv%cka jdhq
mrudKqj, j,g Yla;sh ,enqKq jsg ksl W;af;acs;
;;ajhg $ ielUqkq wjia:dj g m;a fjhs
mj;sk ugsgug jvd by< Yla;s ugsgulg .uka l<o tysoS we;sjk wia:dhS Ndjh
ksid isoq jkafka l=ula o@
26 iEu jsgu ksYaps; f¾Ld
fY%aKshla ,enqfka wehs @
27 r;= j¾Khg
fya;=jk jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK iEoqfka wehs@
28 ous j¾Khg fya;=jk jsoHq;a pqusnl jslsrK iEoqfka wehs@
29 my; oelafjk tla tla f¾Ld
w;sjSug fya;= fokak
Hα ---
Hβ---
30 iuyr
,jK nkaika oe,a,lg we,a,Q jsg j¾Kj;a fjhs r;= ous ly jeks j¾K we;sjk
wjia:d i|yd WodyrK fokak
31 usksia weig y|qkd.; yels
j¾K fudkjd o@
32 iqoq wdf,dalfha mj;sk fuu j¾K fjkalr yels wjia:d i\yka lrkak
33 Osjks ;rx.hl ixLHd;h hkq l=ula o@
34 Osjks ;rx.hl ;rx. wdhduh hkq l=ula o@
35 jevs Yla;shla ksoyia
jSfusoS ;rx.hl fuu ,laIK flfia fjkia fjhs
o@
36 iQ¾hdf,dalh we;s jkafka
l=uk Yla;shla ksid o@
37 fojk Yla;s ugsgfus
isg m<uq Yla;s ugsgug bf,lafg%dak
we;=,q jSfusoS ljr mrdifha ;rx. ,efnhs o@
38 tu f¾Ld fidhd .;af;a ljqreka o@
39 by< Yla;s ugsgfus
isg f;jk Yla;s m<uq Yla;s ugsgug
bf,lafg%dak we;=,q jSfusoS ljr mrdifha ;rx. ,efnhs o@
40 tu fY%aKsh y|qkajk ku
l=ula o@
41 f¾Ld w;r mr;rh
l%ufhka wvqjkafka ljr osYdjg o@
42 tysos f¾Ld fjkqjg
m<,a ;Sre olakg ,enqfka wehs@
43 tu ksrslaIKh u.ska .;
yels ks.ukh l=ula o@
44 iqlaIu l%u u.ska fuu
f¾Ldjla mrslaId l< jsg ishqus f¾Ld fY%aKshlska iEoS we;s nj fmfkhs thska
;yjqre jkafka l=ula o@