1
ueka.ksia $lafrdaushus $jefkavshus hk fusjdfha NdIausl Ulaihsv
i|yka lrkak
2
wdus,sl Tlaihsv f,i yeisfrkafka ljrlao@
3
WNh.=ks ixfhda. jkafka ljrla o@
4
+1 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
fkdue;af;a ljr uQ, o%jH j, o@
5
+2 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
fkdue;af;a ljr uQ, o%jH j, o@
6
+3 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
fkdue;af;a ljr uQ, o%jH j, o@
7
+4 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
fkdue;af;a ljr uQ, o%jH j, o@
8
+5 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
we;af;a ljr uQ, o%jH j, o@
9
+6 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
fkdue;af;a ljr uQ, o%jH j, o@
10
+7 TlaislrK wjia:dj olakg
we;af;a ljr uQ, o%jHhg o@
11 Tn okakd d f.dkqfjs whk fyda oS we;s ,jK w;rska iudk j¾K iys; ,jK f;darkak
1
[Cu (NH3)4]
+2
2 - [Ni (NH3)
6] +2
3 - Co (NH3)
6] +2
4 - Cr(NH3)
6] +2
10
– CuCl4
11 Cr(H2O)
5Cl 12 - NiCl2
13 Ni (OH) 2
14 – CoCl4
15
V O2+
16 VO22+
7 - V 3+
18 -- V 2+
19
- Mn(H2O)
6] +2
20 - Cr(H2O)
6] +2
21. Cr(H2O)
6] +3
22 Ni(NH3)
6] +3
ks,a
j¾Kh ---
fld<
j¾Kh ---
ly
j¾Kh ---
ous
j¾Kh ---
frdai
j¾Kh ---
oqUqre
--
ksrslaIK
j,g .e,fmk ,jKh bosrsm;a lrkak
1
ks,a ous meye;s c,Sh o%djKhla fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs
H2O2
fhoQjsg lymdg o%djKhla ,nd fohs
2
laf,darhsvhlg idkao% HCl
fhoQ jsg lymdg o%djKhla ,efnhs ,efnk o%djKh fldm¾
f,dayh
iu. kegjQ jsg wj¾K jQ w;r thg c,h fhosfusoS R
iqoq wjlafIamhla ,enqKs
3
R iqoq wjlafIamh wefudakshus
yhsfv%dlaihsvs tl;= l< jsg oshjS idok wj¾K o%djKh
jd;hg
jsjD; l< jsg ;oks,a meyehg yefrhs
4
ks,a meye;s c,sh o%djKhlg jevsmqr NaOH
fhoQjsg ,d ks,a meye whlafIamhla
,efnhs th r;a l< jsg l,q wjlafIamhla ,enqKs
5
ks,a meye;s c,sh o%djKhlg wefudakshd tl;=l< jsg ,efnk wjlafIamh
jevsmqr wefudakshd tl; =l< jsg
,efnk ,d ks,a meye wjlafIamhla
oshfjhs
,efnk
o%djKfha meyeh l=ula o@
6
wefudakshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs tl;= l< jsg le; $ls,qgq fld<
meye;s wjlafIamhla ,ensu tu wjlafIamh l=ula o@
7
B kus ,d ly meye;s c,Sh
o%djKhla oqn, f,i NdIausl l< jsg ly oqUqre meyehla we;s jsh
9
B
kus o%djKh id HCl
u.ska wdus,sl l< jsg ,efnk ly meyeh KCN
iu. oQUqre meye jsh
10
tu ly oQUqre o%djKh KSCN /NH4SCN
iu. ljr j¾Khla fohs o@
11
f,dayhla ;kql HCl
u.ska wdus,sl l< jsg ,efnk C
kus o%djKh fld< meyehla ,nd oqks
12
,d fld, meyeh gsl fjs,djlska ly oqUqre meye jSug fya;= jk ridhksl
ls%hdj,sh iuSSlrKhlska fokak
13
thg iy ;kql wus,hla yd iskala l=vq oud gsl fjs,djla ;enQ jsg l=ula
isoq fjhs o@
14
fuhg NaOH
fhoQ jsg we;sjk j¾Kh ,shkak
15
KCN iu. fmria whk ,nd fok meyeh
l=ula o@
16
idkao% HCl
iu. fmria whk ,nd fok meyeh l=ula o@
17
B
kus ly oQUqre o%djKh fmdgEishus fmrsihkhsvs iu. m%Yshka ks,a
j¾Khla fohs
18
u ly oQUqre o%djKh KSCN /NH4SCN
iu. ljr j¾Khla fohs o@
19
Q
kus ,d frdai meye;s o%djKhlg ;kql
HNO3
tl;= l< jsg ous meyehla we;s jsh NdIausl l< jsg th fld<
meyehg yereKs
frdai
meye;s o%djKh --
ous
meyeh -
fld<
meyehg --
20
Q kus ,d frdai meye;s o%djKhlg
NdIausl l< jsg ly iqoq wjlafIamhla we;s jsh
th
gsl fjs,djlska H2O2
we;s jsg
oqUqre meyehg yereks
ly
iqoq wjlafIamh
oqUqre
meyeh
21
fld< meye;s c
kus c,Sh o%djKhla oqn, f,i wdus,sl lr gsl fjs,djla ;nd fmrd .;a
jsg fmryka lvodisfha l,q meyehla o fmfrkfha ous meyehla we;s jsh
iuslrKhla u.ska th ksrEmkh lrkak
22
B kus ks,a ous meyehla we;s c,Sh
,jKhla laIdr iu. ,efnk fld< meye wjlafIamh meh lsysmhlg miq
fld, meye o%djKhla ,enqKs
ous
meyeh ---
fld<
meye wjlafIamh-------
ld,
meye o%djKh-----
23
gsl fjs,djla ;enq jsg ous meye jkafka wehs@
24
tu o%djKh mej;s ;;ajhg fk taug l=ula l< hq;= o@
25
wefudakshd o%djKh fhoQ jsg ks,a-ous o%djKh ous meyehg yereKs
26
ly meye;s o%djKhla wdus,sl l< jsg ;eUs,s meye;s o%djKhla ,enqKs tu
o%djKhg NIauhla tl;= l, jsg isoq jkafka l=ula o@
ly
meye;s o%djKh----
;eUs,s
meye;s o%djKh ---
27
f,dayhla iu. ;kql
HCl
u.ska wdus,sl l< jsg ,efnk ks,a meye o%djKh jd;h yuqfjs
ous
meyehg yereKs
ks,a
meye o%djKh ----
ous
meyeh o%djKh ----
28
by; ous meyeh o%djKh kej; ly meye;s iajdNdjhg m;a lsrSug l=ula l<
hq;= o@
Cr+3
whk Cr+2
yrjkafka flfia o@
29
S ,d fld< meye;s o%djKhla
;kql NaOH
tl;= l< jsg ,d fld< meye wjlafIamhla we;s jsh
,d
fld< meye wjlafIamh
,d
fld< meye;s s o%djKh --
30
S
fld< meye o%djKhla jevsmqr wefudakshd iu. idok A
,d fld < wj;afIamh oshjS
ks,a ouS meye;s
o%djKhla fohs th kegjQ jsg
,dfld
< wj;afIamh
ks,a
ouS
meye;s
o%djKh
31
S ,d fld< meye;s o%djKh
t;fkda,a udOHfha oS ks,a meye;s o%djKhla fohs
32
ihkhsvs whk we;sjsg ,d fld< wjlafIamhla we;sjS jevsmqr we;s jsg
th oshjS ly meye;s o%djKhla fohs
,d
fld< wjlafIamh --
ly
meye;s o%djKh -- [
33 laIdrSh vhs fu;s,a .a,fhdlaihsus iu. r;= wjlafIamhla fokafka ljrla o@
34
iqoq meye;s Tlaihsvhla iskala yd wus, udOHhloS ous meye;s o%djKhla
,nd oqks
iqoq
meye;s Tlaihsvh
ous
meye;s o%djKhla
35
iqoq meye;s Tlaihsvhla idkao% HCl
wus, udOHhloS wj¾K o%jKhla we;s lf<ah th r;a l< jsg iqoq
wjfYaIhla b;srs jsh
36
;eUs,s meye Tlaihsvhla iskala yd wus, udOHhloS fld< meye;s jsh
gsl
fjs,djls th ous meye;s jsh
;eUs,s
meye Tlaihsvh
fld<
meye;s o%djKhla
ous meye;s o%djKhla
37
ous meye;s o%djKhla SO2
iu. ;o ks,a meyehla ,nd oqks th
wus, f,day iu.
ous
meye;s o%djKhla fohs
ks,a
meyehla
ous
meye;s o%djKhla
38
ks,a meye o%djKh laIdrhla iu. l==ula ,nd fohs o@
39
P kus ,d frdai meye;s o%djKhlg
;kql NaOH
tl;= l< jsg ks,a meyehla we;s jsh
jevsmqr
NaOH
tl;= l< jsg frdai meye T
wjlafIamhla we;s jsh
P
frdai meye;s o%djKh --
frdai
meye wjlafIamh --
ks,a
meye wjlafIamh --
ks,a meye
wjlafIamh
---
40
T wj;afIamh HCl
j, oshjS ks,a meye;s o%djKhla
fohs
41
P wefudakshd iu. idok ks,a
wj;afIamh jevsmqr wefudakshd oshjS
A ly oqUqre
meye;s o%djKhla fohs th
kegjQ jsg
ks,a
meye wjlafIamh
ly
oqUqre
meye;s
o%djKh
l¿
wajlafIamh [
42
A kus o%djKhlg jd;h fyda H2O2
fhoQ jsg ;eUs,s oQUqre o%djKhla
,nd fohs
;eUs,s
oQUqre o%djKh
43
whvhsvs whk njg I2
yrjkafka l=uk fldfnda,ags whkh o@
44 wefudakshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs tl;= l< jsg oqUqre meye;s wjlafIamhla ,ensu tu wjlafIamh l=ula o@
45
fmdgEishus fmfrdaihkhsvs K4Fe
(CN)6
iu. iqoq wjlafIamhla ,enSu
46
fmdgEishus fmfrdaihkhsvs K4Fe
(CN)6
iu. wjlafIamhla fkd,enSu oqUqre meyehla ,enSu
47
fmdgEishus fmfrdaihkhsvs K4Fe
(CN)6
iu. oqUqre wjlafIamhla ,enSu
48
fmdgEishus fmrsaihkhsvs K3Fe
(CN)6
iu. ;o ks,amdg m%Yshka ks,amdg wjlafIamhla ,enSu
49
fmdgEishus fmrsaihkhsvs K3Fe
(CN)6
iu. wjlafIamhla fkd,enSu oqUqre meyehla ,enSu
1